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Abstract
This review and discussion article traces the evolution of conceptual understanding of sepsis – from the classical Russian school of I.V. Davydovsky and A.F. Bilibin and the definitions of Sepsis-1 (1991) and Sepsis-2 (2001) to the concept of Sepsis-3 (2016) and the pediatric criteria of the Phoenix Sepsis Score (2019). Particular attention is paid to pediatric aspects of diagnostics and the limitations of extrapolating «adult» vital criteria of the systemic inflammatory response to newborns and premature infants. The provisions of the Russian Federal Clinical Guidelines «Sepsis in Children» (2025) are analyzed, and the risks of reducing the concept of sepsis to multiple organ dysfunction in any severe local infection are identified. The authors substantiate the need to classify sepsis as a hematogenous generalized infection (septicemia/septicopyemia), pointing out the lack of alternatives to microbiological diagnostics and the insufficient consideration of early coagulation shifts (DIC syndrome, thrombocytopenia, D-dimers) as markers of cytokinemia and toxinemia
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