THE ROLE OF EPIGENETIC FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY REPRODUCTIVE LOSS
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Abstract
The search for miRNAs that could serve as biomarkers of complications during pregnancy was started by Chen K, Rajewsky N. in 2007. At that time, about 100 miRNAs were known. The authors showed that miRNAs are exported from syncytiotrophoblast into the maternal circulation through exosomes and suggested that circulating miRNAs derived from trophoblast reflect the physiological state of the pregnant woman and can be used for prognostic purposes.
The purpose of the study – to conduct a comparative analysis of the expression levels of a number of microRNAs in the endometrium of women with intrauterine fetal death.
Design: prospective cohort study.
Materials and methods. The expression level of 4 microRNAs (miR-23а, miR-34а, miR-141а, miR-125b) in the endometrium of 30 patients with non-developing pregnancy (NP) according to the type of intrauterine fetal death up to 12 weeks (I group) was studied. Comparison group II (control) consisted of 15 women who were admitted to a short-term hospital for the purpose of terminating an unwanted pregnancy.
Results. In our study, the expression of miRNA-23a, miRNA-34a, miRNA-141a, and miRNA-125b in the endometrium of women with ND was associated with intrauterine death of the fetus (embryo) in early pregnancy. With intrauterine death of the fetus (embryo), an increase in the expression of miRNA-23a was revealed – 10 times, miRNA-34a – 7 times, and miRNA-141a and miRNA-125b – 1.5 times compared with the comparison group. The higher expression levels of miRNA-23a, miRNA-34a, miRNA-141a, and miRNA-125b that we obtained are possibly associated with morphological and functional changes in the cytotrophoblast at 6-8 weeks of gestation (disturbances in the first wave of cytotrophoblast invasion), accompanied by oxidative stress and endothelial vascular dysfunction of the spiral arteries.
Conclusion. Thus, in the endometrium of women with NB associated with intrauterine death of the fetus (embryo) in early pregnancy, the expression levels of miRNA-23a, miRNA-34a, miRNA-141a and miRNA-125b at 6-8 weeks of gestation are statistically significantly higher than at physiological course of pregnancy at the same time, which indicates the potential prognostic significance of these miRNAs.
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